The Lasting Impact of Mothers’ Fetal Malnutrition on Their Offspring: Evidence from the China Great Leap Forward Famine
نویسندگان
چکیده
The Lasting Impact of Mothers’ Fetal Malnutrition on Their Offspring: Evidence from the China Great Leap Forward Famine We find that second-generation effects of in utero and early childhood malnutrition on the school participation of the offspring of mothers who experienced the China Great Leap Forward Famine. The direct impact on entrance to senior high school is also negative, but smaller in magnitude than that on entrance to junior high school. Given that entering senior high school is contingent on completion of junior high school, the direct impact on entrance to senior high school obviously understates the total impact on the second generation’s accumulation of human capital. Our estimation results are generally robust to IV estimation. JEL Classification: I12, J16, P36
منابع مشابه
The Long-term Health Effects of Fetal Malnutrition: Evidence from the 1959-1961 China Great Leap Forward Famine.
We report evidence of long-term adverse health impacts of fetal malnutrition exposure of middle-aged survivors of the 1959-1961 China Famine using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. We find that fetal exposure to malnutrition has large and long-lasting impacts on both physical health and cognitive abilities, including the risks of suffering a stroke, physical disabili...
متن کاملPrenatal malnutrition and subsequent foetal loss risk: Evidence from the 1959-1961 Chinese famine
BACKGROUND Scientists disagree on whether prenatal malnutrition has long-term influences on women’s reproductive function, and empirical evidence of such long-term effects remains limited and inconsistent. METHODS Using the retrospective pregnancy history of 12,567 Chinese women collected in a nationally representative sample survey in 2001, this study conducted difference-indifferences analyse...
متن کاملThe impact of COVID-19 during pregnancy on fetal brain development
The development of the brain as the most complex structure of the human body is a long process that begins in the third week of pregnancy and continues until adulthood and even until the end of life (1). Human brain myelination begins one to two months before birth in the visual system and eventually lasts until the age of two in other sensory systems and then the motor systems (4). Processes a...
متن کاملIdentifying the Intergenerational Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Nutritional Deprivation on Infant Mortality: Using the 1959-1961 Chinese Great Leap Forward Famine as a Natural Experiment
Using data from the 2001 Chinese National Family Planning and Reproductive Health Survey, I studied the relationship between prenatal exposure to the 1959-1961 Great Leap Forward Famine and the risk of infant death of the next generation. The results show that, on one hand, prenatal exposure to mild malnutrition reduced children’s risk of infant death; on the other hand, prenatal exposure to se...
متن کاملOn the Causes of China's Agricultural Crisis and the Great Leap Famine
Recently researchers have conducted extensive investigations on China's Great Leap crisis. In this article, we critically review this literature and argue that, since the grain production collapse was not the only factor that led to the famine, the causes of these two catastrophes require separate examination. At the theoretical level multidimensional factors were responsible for the crisis. Ho...
متن کامل